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Satratoxin H: essential data
Symptoms and Treatment, Toxicity, Chemistry, Site of Action, Sources, Properties, Terrorist Interest, IDC Codes
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Symptoms, Treatment, Decontamination
Syndrome Name	Stachybotrotoxicosis
Symptoms	burning and blistering of mouth and nose a rash that becomes a moist dermatitis nosebleeds chest pain pulmonary hemorrhage hyperthermia (raised temperature) headache fatigue diarrhea
Onset of Symptoms	Relatively slow (minutes to hours)
Rapid diagnostic assay	None
Antidote	None
Supportive Care	Removal of ingested toxins by treatment with adsorbents  such as superactivated charcoal; treatment of symptoms
Inactivation	Decontamination with soap and water.

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Toxicology. Satratoxin H has an LD₅₀ for mice of 1.0-1.4 mg/kg upon intraperitoneal injection. Otherwise, it is reported to be about five times as toxic as T-2 toxin.

More extensive toxicological information can be found by following this link.

Chemical Properties

Structure
CA Name	Spiro[5,9:16,18-dimethano-1H,3H,23H-[1,6,12] trioxacyclooctadecino[3,4-d]][1]benzopyran-17 (18H),2'-oxirane]-3-14(9H)dione,6,7,16,16a,19a,22- hexahydro-25-hydroxy-9-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-16a,21- dimethyl,(2'R,4E,9R,10E,12Z,16R,16aS,18R,19aR23aR,25R)-
Trivial Names	Satratoxin H
Registry Number	53126-64-0
RTECS Number
Molecular Formula	C29 H36 O9
Molecular weight
Solubility	Insoluble in water, soluble in lower alcohols and polar solvents including methanol, ethanol, isopropanol propylene glycol, acetone, ethyl acetate chloroform, dimethyl sulfoxide
pKa in water	Not applicable
Complete synthesis	None

Site of Action

Not known,but like most of the other trichothecene mycotoxins considered for use as weapons act by inhibiting protein synthesis affecting tissues where cells are actively and rapidly growing and dividing.

Source

Stachybotrys chartarum, also known as Stachybotrys atra and Stachybotrys alternans in older publications.

Agent Properties

Unlike T-2 toxin, satratoxin H does not appear to be particularly effective as a blistering agent on the skin, but is effective against moist tissues such as the mouth, nose, and throat.

The producer organism grows readily in damp environments, such as damp hay and has become recognized as a public health problem in houses that have become damp, e.g. through flooding, because it growth on cellulosic substrates such as the paper covering of wallboard.

It may not be necessary to isolate toxins from cultures as the spores and fragments of the fungal mass are themselves effective carriers of the toxins.

Terrorist Acquisition and Attempted Use.

• None confirmed.